What is the definition of "inference"?

To understand why the chosen answer is correct, it is important to consider the nature of inference. An inference is a conclusion that one reaches by using available evidence and reasoning rather than relying solely on opinions or unsubstantiated speculation. When making an inference, a person interprets information, draws logical conclusions based on that information, and processes the data to arrive at a reasonable outcome.

The definition emphasizes the role of evidence and logical reasoning, which is essential to differentiating an inference from mere guesses or opinions. This methodical approach enables individuals to form judgments or conclusions that are rooted in the information at hand, making them more reliable and valid. The other definitions do not encompass the critical aspects of using evidence and reason, thus clarifying why this particular choice accurately captures the meaning of "inference."