What is a "citation" in writing?

A citation in writing serves as a reference to a source of information that has been utilized within a piece of writing. This is crucial because it acknowledges the original authors and helps readers verify the facts or data presented. Citations ensure that proper credit is given, which is essential in academic and research contexts to maintain intellectual honesty and avoid plagiarism. Additionally, they help establish the credibility of the work by providing a pathway for readers to explore the sources further.

The other options do not accurately define what a citation is. Summaries and writing styles concern different aspects of writing, while a description of the writing process addresses the methods by which content is developed rather than how sources are acknowledged.