What does "characterization" involve?

Characterization involves the process by which an author reveals the personality of a character. This can be done through various techniques, including direct characterization, where the author explicitly describes the character's traits, and indirect characterization, where the character's personality is shown through their thoughts, actions, dialogue, and interactions with others. Understanding characterization is essential for grasping the depth of a character’s role in the narrative and their development throughout the story.

This option clearly addresses the core concept of how characters are built in literature, emphasizing the author's role in developing these personalities for the reader. The other options, while relevant to storytelling, relate to different literary elements such as plot structure, emotional impact, and setting context, rather than focusing specifically on character development.